Solar System Planetary Data
| Sun | Mercury | Venus | Earth | Mars | Jupiter | Saturn | Uranus | Neptune | Pluto |
Diameter (km) | 1 392 000 | 4878 | 12 103 | 12 756 | 6 786 | 142 984 | 120 536 | 51 118 | 49 528 | 2 300 |
Mass (Earth=1) | 332 946 | 0.055 | 0.81 | 1 | 0.11 | 318 | 95.18 | 14.5 | 17.14 | 0.0022 |
Surface gravity (Earth=1) | 27.9 | 0.38 | 0.86 | 1 | 0.38 | 2.5 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | - |
Average surface temperature ( ˚ C) | 5 500 | -170 to 430 | 464 | 15 | -40 | -120 | -180 | -210 | -220 | -220 |
Length of day (in Earth hours/day/years) |
| 58.65 days | 243.01 days* | 23.93 hours | 24.62 hours | 9.92 hours | 10.67 hours | 17.23 hour* | 16.12 hours | 6.38 days |
Length of year (in Earth hours/day/years) | - | 87.97 days | 224.7 days | 365.26 days | 1.88 years | 11.86 years | 29.46 years | 84.01 years | 164.79 years | 248.54 years |
Distance from Sun (million km) | - | 45.9 to 68.7 | 107.4 to 109 | 147.1 to 152.1 | 206.7 to 249.1 | 740.3 to 815.7 | 1 347 to 1 507 | 2 735 to 3 004 | 4 456 to 4 537 | 4 425 to 7375 |
Number of rings | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 11 | 4 | 0 |
Number of moons | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 16 | 18 | 15 | 8 | 1 |
Volume (Earth=1) | - | 0.056 | 0.86 | 1 | 0.15 | 1 323 | 744 | 67 | 57 | Unknown |
Speed of movement around the sun | - | 172 332 kmph 47.89 kmps | 126 072 kmph 35.03 kmps | 107 244 kmph 29.79 kmps | 86 868 kmph 24.13 kmps | 47 016 kmph 13.06 kmps | 34 812 kmph 9.64 kmps | 24 516 kmph 6.81 kmps | 19 548 kmph 5.43 kmps | 17 064 kmph 4.74 kmps |
Atmospheric composition | Hydrogen and helium (hydrogen undergoes nuclear fusion to form helium) | Principally of helium and hydrogen with little amounts of sodium, oxygen, neon, argon and potassium | About 92% Carbon dioxide, 3.5% nitrogen | 78% Nitrogen, 21% Oxygen and 1% water vapour, argon, carbon dioxide and other trace gases. | 95% Carbon dioxide, 2.7% Nitrogen, 1.6% Argon, 0.7% Oxygen, carbon monoxide and water vapour | 90% Hydrogen, 10% Helium with traces of ammonia, methane and water vapour | 94% Hydrogen, 6% helium with traces of ammonia, methane and water vapour | 85% Hydrogen, 12% helium and 3% methane | 85% Hydrogen, 13% Helium and 2% methane | Probably Methane mixed with nitrogen |