Solar System Planetary Data

 

Sun

Mercury

Venus

Earth

Mars

Jupiter

Saturn

Uranus

Neptune

Pluto

Diameter (km)

1 392 000

4878

12 103

12 756

6 786

142 984

120 536

51 118

49 528

2 300

Mass (Earth=1)

332 946

0.055

0.81

1

0.11

318

95.18

14.5

17.14

0.0022

Surface gravity (Earth=1)

27.9

0.38

0.86

1

0.38

2.5

1.1

1.1

1.1

-

Average surface temperature ( ˚ C)

5 500

-170 to 430

464

15

-40

-120

-180

-210

-220

-220

Length of day

(in Earth hours/day/years)

 

58.65 days

243.01 days*

23.93 hours

24.62 hours

9.92 hours

10.67 hours

17.23 hour*

16.12 hours

6.38 days

Length of year

(in Earth hours/day/years)

-

87.97 days

224.7 days

365.26 days

1.88 years

11.86 years

29.46 years

84.01 years

164.79 years

248.54 years

Distance from Sun (million km)

-

45.9 to 68.7

107.4 to 109

147.1 to 152.1

206.7 to 249.1

740.3 to 815.7

1 347 to 1 507

2 735 to 3 004

4 456 to 4 537

4 425 to 7375

Number of rings

0

0

0

0

0

1

7

11

4

0

Number of moons

0

0

0

1

2

16

18

15

8

1

Volume (Earth=1)

-

0.056

0.86

1

0.15

1 323

744

67

57

Unknown

Speed of movement around the sun

-

172 332 kmph 47.89 kmps

126 072 kmph 35.03 kmps

107 244 kmph 29.79 kmps

86 868 kmph 24.13 kmps

47 016 kmph 13.06 kmps

34 812 kmph 9.64 kmps

24 516 kmph 6.81 kmps

19 548 kmph 5.43 kmps

17 064 kmph 4.74 kmps

Atmospheric composition

Hydrogen and helium (hydrogen undergoes nuclear fusion to form helium)

Principally of helium and hydrogen with little amounts of sodium, oxygen, neon, argon and potassium

About 92% Carbon dioxide, 3.5% nitrogen

78% Nitrogen, 21% Oxygen and 1% water vapour, argon, carbon dioxide and other trace gases.

95% Carbon dioxide, 2.7% Nitrogen, 1.6% Argon, 0.7% Oxygen, carbon monoxide and water vapour

90% Hydrogen, 10% Helium with traces of ammonia, methane and water vapour

94% Hydrogen, 6% helium with traces of ammonia, methane and water vapour

85% Hydrogen, 12% helium and 3% methane

85% Hydrogen, 13% Helium and 2% methane

Probably Methane mixed with nitrogen